Trovatore, Il
Trovatore, Il, is a tragic opera in four acts by the Italian composer Giuseppe Verdi (see Verdi, Giuseppe). Its Italian title means The Troubadour. The libretto (text) for the opera was the work of Salvatore Cammarano, who based his text on the Spanish play El Trovador (1836) by Antonio Garcia Gutierrez. Verdi's Il Trovatore was first performed at the Teatro Apollo in Rome on Jan. 19, 1853.