Ting, Samuel Chao Chung (1936-...), an American-born Chinese scientist, was awarded the Nobel Prize for physics in 1976. He shared the prize with Burton Richter, an American scientist. The award was made for their discovery of an subatomic particle called the psi, or J, particle. A psi particle is made up of a quark and an antiquark, two elementary particles which are not made up of smaller units. Quarks combine together to form more familiar subatomic particles such as protons and neutrons. See Psi particle and Quark.