Saint Bernard Passes are two high passes across the Alps. The Great St. Bernard Pass is on the border between Switzerland and Italy, and the Little St. Bernard Pass is on the border between France and Italy. The Romans used the passes as military roads about 2,000 years ago. Today, motor roads cross the passes. Each pass has a hospice (refuge for travelers). The Great St. Bernard Tunnel for automobiles, which is about 31/2 miles (5.6 kilometers) long, links Italy and Switzerland. It was opened to traffic in 1964.