Run-D.M.C. was one of the most influential and controversial groups in the history of African American rap music. The trio consisted of Joseph "Run" Simmons, Darryl McDaniels, and Jason "Jam Master Jay" Mizell. The group took its name from Simmons's nickname (Run) and the initials of McDaniels's name (D.M.C.). Simmons, born on Nov. 14, 1964, was the lead rapper. McDaniels, born on May 31, 1964, also rapped. Disc jockey Mizell, born on Jan. 21, 1965, operated a phonograph turntable, providing sound backup for the group's performances. Mizell was murdered at a recording studio on Oct. 30, 2002, by an unknown assailant.