Ruby

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Ruby is the red gem variety of the mineral corundum. Varieties of corundum are called sapphires if they are blue and fancy sapphires if they are any color other than red or blue. Chemically, corundum is an aluminum oxide.

Sardonyx

Sardonyx, SAHR duh nihks or sahr DON ihks, is a variety of chalcedony, a fine-grained form of the mineral quartz. Most sardonyx has straight or… See more »

Tourmaline

Tourmaline, TUR muh lihn or TUR muh leen, is any of a group of boron-containing minerals often found in granite. Tourmalines are used as gemstones… See more »

Sapphire

Sapphire, a hard and clear gem, is a variety of the mineral corundum. The best-known sapphires are blue. Their color results from small amounts of… See more »

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Ruby

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