Rowland, ROH luhnd, Henry Augustus (1848-1901), was an American physicist. He invented the concave grating for spectrum analysis, and built an improved ruling and dividing engine for making precise rulings on glass or metal surfaces. In his Berlin experiment in 1876, he proved that electrostatic charges of electricity in motion produce a magnetic field similar to the field produced by an electric current in a wire. Rowland also determined the mechanical equivalent of heat, and the value of… More »
Grand unified theories, also called GUT's, attempt to unite three of the four fundamental forces... More >>
Reflection is the return of a wave of energy, such as light, heat, sound, or radio, after it... More >>
Refraction is the bending of a light ray as it travels through the surface of a transparent... More >>
Solid-state physics, also called condensed-matter physics, deals with the physical properties of... More >>