MacCallum, Sir Mungo (1854-1942), a Scottish-born scholar, was a leader in the cultural life of New South Wales and the development of the University of Sydney. MacCallum spent almost 50 years at the university, serving as professor of modern literature from 1887 to 1920. He then was vice chancellor, deputy chancellor, and finally chancellor of the school, retiring in 1936. MacCallum wrote a number of works of literary criticism on English literature as well as works on the German language that established his reputation as an outstanding scholar.