Linnaeus, Carolus, lih NEE uhs, KAR uh luhs (1707-1778), a Swedish naturalist and botanist, established the modern scientific method of naming plants and animals. In this system, each living thing has a name with two parts. The first part of the name is for the genus (group). The second part is for the species (kind). Linnaeus' book Species Plantarum (1753) forms the basis for plant classification. The 10th edition of his Systema Naturae (1758) covers animal classification. See Classification, Scientific.