Julian, JOOL yuhn, calendar was devised in 46 B.C. by the order of Julius Caesar. Before that time the Roman religious officials had distorted the calendar so that it differed from the solar year by three months. The Julian calendar divided the year into 12 months alternating from 30 to 31 days, except February which had 29. Every four years February was to have 30 days. To readjust the calendar, three months were added to the year 46 B.C., making it 15 months long. The first "Julian year" then began on Jan. 1, 45 B.C.