Galton, GAWL tuhn, Sir Francis (1822-1911), a British scientist and cousin of Charles Darwin, became known for his research in meteorology, heredity, and anthropology. He spent five years in Sudan and Namibia studying the people there. He suggested important theories in meteorology, published weather charts, and introduced the idea of anticyclones (see Weather). His studies of fingerprints led to their use in identification (see Fingerprinting).