Carrel, kuh REHL, Alexis (1873-1944), a French surgeon and biologist, proved that tissues could survive apart from their organs if properly nourished. He won the 1912 Nobel Prize in medicine for his work in blood-vessel surgery and in transplanting organs and tissues. During World War I, he and the English chemist, Henry Dakin, developed the Carrel-Dakin antiseptic solution for treating injuries and wounds.